Ephedrine is a compound that can powerfully stimulate the nervous system and heart. Ephedra, the plant from which it is derived, has been used for more than 5,000 years in China and India to treat conditions such as colds, fever, flu, headaches, asthma, wheezing, and nasal congestion. Ephedrine is similar in molecular structure to the well-known drugs phenylpropanolamine and methamphetamine, as well as to the important neurotransmitter epinephrine. Ephedrine in its natural form, in traditional Chinese medicine, has been documented in China since the Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) as an anti-asthmatic and stimulant. Ephedrine has two chiral centers, one where the OH attaches, and another at carbon next to it.
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