Isoleucine
Isoleucine is a particularly important amino acid. Like many other amino acids, Isoleucine cannot be synthesized by the body, thus it must be ingested through protein consumption. In order to accomplish a full and meaningful breakdown of isoleucine, biotin or Vitamin B7 is required. The proper ingestion and consumption of this amino acid plays a significant role in muscle retention, fat breakdown, and fatty acid chain metabolism. In certain animal based studies, it has been shown that an isoleucine deficiency can potentially lead to tremors. Isoleucine is most commonly found milk, seaweed, and animal proteins.
Similarly to threonine, isoleucine is an amino acid with two chiral centers. Additionally, with the two chiral centers, isoleucine has four possible steroisomers. However, even with these possible molecular layouts, isoleucine exists only as (2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.
Sources
The Importance of Isoleucine
http://www.diet-and-health.net/Supplements/Isoleucine.html
dl-Isoleucine
http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=cv3p0495
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